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1. Sociological studies have found that deeply hold values and principles are highly resistant to change.
答案：B
测试点：词形.
分析：修饰名词values应当用动词的过去分词，而hold是动词原形.应为held.
解题要点：分词的作用相当于形容词.
2. For centuries large communities of people have living on houseboats in parts of the world where the climate is warm and the waters are calm.
答案：A
测试点：时态.
分析：Have living是错误用法，应为have been living、
3. Benjamin Franklin made the first bifocal spectacles for self by sawing the lenses of his eyeglasses in half.
答案：B
测试点：反身代词/近义词。
分析：self为名词，意为“自我，本性”;此处应用反身代词himself指代主语Benjamin Franklin.
4. Not only do artificial reefs provide fish with food and shelter, they also serve as importantly underwater landmarks.
答案：D
测试点：词性.
分析：修饰名词landmarks应用形容词，而importantly是副词.应为important.
解题要点：当划线的是-ly结尾的副词时，应注意其是否错用，是否应为形容词.
5. The United States Department of Agriculture supervises the quality, clean, and purity of meat.
答案：A
测试点：并列结构.
分析：关键词是and，它所连接的部分应同词性、同形式.此处应用名词cleanness与quality和purity并列。
6. All birds, alike most reptiles and a few primitive mammals, develop from embryos in eggs outside the mother’s body.
答案：B
测试点：like和alike的用法。
分析：TOEFL题中，这两个词常见错用e是形容词或副词，like才是介词，可后接名词.此处应为like.
解题要点：题目中遇有划线的alike，应首先考虑它是否用错.
7. The expansion of adult training programs has resulted partially from the feminist movement, which encouraging women to improve their skills for the job market.
答案：C
测试点：词形.
分析：which是从句主语，其后接谓语动词uraging不能单独作谓语.应为encourages.
8. The most significant cosmological characteristic of the galaxies are the red shift in their optical spectra.
答案：B
测试点：主谓数的一致.
分析：主语是单数的characteristic，系动词也要用单数的is不用are.
9. James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names of some works years after their completion.
答案：C
测试点：词性。
分析：代词his后接名词性成份，而painted是动词的形式。应为paintings。
10. Duke Ellington’s orchestra, playing his original compositions and arrangements, achieving a fine unity of style and made numerous innovations in modern jazz.
答案：B
测试点：词性/并列结构
分析：此句由and连接两个并列的谓语部分，此处应用achieved与made并列.
11. Moles are almost completely blind, although its tiny eyes can distinguish light from dark.
答案：B
测试点：代词数的一致.
分析：此处代词所代为复数的Moles,因此也应用复数的their.
解题要点：代词与其所指代的名词数的不一致是TOEFL常考题型，改错题中有划线的代词则应首先考虑其单复数是否正确.
12. Noise is a psychological term referring toward unpleasant, unwanted, or intolerable sound. 答案：B
测试点：习语。
分析：Refer to是固定的短语，不用toward。
13. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary, an institution that have always had a completely female medical staff. 答案：C
测试点：主谓数的一致.
分析：that引导的定语从句修饰先行词an institution，从句主语that指代单数的Institution，故其谓语也应用动词的单数形式应为has.
14. Criminal contempt, committed in the presence of the court, may consist of disorderly behavior, disrespectful, or disobedience of a judge’s orders.
答案：D
测试点：词性/并列结构.
分析：连词or所连接的成份应同词性、同形式.句中or前后均是名词，固此，(D)disrespectful应为disrespect.
解题要点：or与and一样，当连接两项或两项以上并列成分时，应注意相连各项是否相等。
15. The Cubist movement in art was a reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. 答案：C
测试点：词形.
分析：of要求后接名词性的成份作其宾语，而portray是动词.应用动名词portraying.
16. During the 1600’s skilled shoemakers scarce were in what is now the United States. 答案：C
测试点：词序.
分析：形容词scarce应置于系词were的后面，作表语.
17. If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms. 答案：A
测试点：冠词.
分析：a和an的用法atom是以元音开头的名词，前面冠词要用an而不用a.
解题要点：注意划线的冠词a或an是否用错.
18. The National Education Association conduct extensive research on a great many aspects of education.
答案：A
测试点：主谓数的一致。
分析：主语Association为单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式。应为conducts。
19. The pain-killing agent most commonly administered in dentistry is the local anesthetic, who produces loss of feeling only in a specific area.
答案：C
测试点：从句连接词who和which的用法.
分析：定语从句修饰说明anesthetic(麻醉剂)，作主语的'关系代词，指代的是物不是人，不能用who.应为which.
解题要点：who/which混淆用错的题型在TOEFL考题中很常见.遇到这两个关系代词划线时，应务必认清它所限定的先行词是人还是物.
20. Certain types of computers work properly only in environments with controlled precisely temperatures. 答案：D
测试点：词序.
分析：分词作定语时，与其所修饰的名词之间不要加入副词.应为precisely controlled(temperature)。
21. The gorilla, while not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem.
答案：B
测试点：as…as…的用法.
分析：看到句中的as，应立即注意后面的即是否缺失应为as.
解题要点：连词as与than本毫无关系，词意也不相同，但TOEFL考题中竞有几次把二者混淆错用.应注意划线的as或than.
22. The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans.
答案：A
测试点：主谓数的一致.
分析：主语为单数的belief，谓语也要用单数的动词形式应为has.
23. Acrylic paint enables artists to experiment with many colors effects. 答案：D
测试点：名词的数.
分析：名词作定语时，应用其单数形式，不加s.此处应用color修饰effects.
24. Salt Lake City, Utah’s capital and largest city, is industrial and banking center. 答案：C 测试点：冠词。
分析：名词center前缺冠词。应为is an industrial(…center)。
25. A rat’s sharp teeth can gnaw through wood, plaster, or soft metallic such as lead. 答案：D
